2001 Ocular Microbiology and Immunology Group, Abstract 14

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Fourth Generation Fluoroquinolones: New Weapons in the Arsenal of Ophthalmic Antibiotics
R. Mather, R.P. Kowalski, L.M. Karenchak, E.G. Romanowski, F.S. Mah and J.S. Gordon
The Campbell Laboratory, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA

Purpose: We compared the in vitro susceptibility of fourth generation fluoroquinolones (FQs) (moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin) to second generation FQs (ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin) and a third generation FQ (levofloxacin).

Methods: The MICs (µ/ml) of 98 bacterial endophthalmitis isolates were determined to MOX, GAT, OFX and LEV using Etests. The median MICs were compared nonparametrically using Kruskal-Wallis with Duncan's comparisons.

Results: In general, the order of significant susceptibility for gram positive bacteria was MOX>GAT>CIP= LEV>OFX. The order of significant susceptibility for second generation FQ resistant S.aureus was MOX>GAT>LEV>CIP=OFX. The order of significant susceptibility for second generation FQ resistant coagulase negative Staphylococcus was MOX=GAT>LEV=CIP=OFX. For gram negative bacteria, the order of significant susceptibility was MOX=GAT=CIP=LEV>OFX.

Conclusions: Our in vitro study suggests that the fourth generation FQs are more potent than the second and third generation FQs for gram positive bacteria and equally as potent for gram negative bacteria. The fourth generation FQs appear to cover second and third generation FQ resistance. In vivo studies will be necessary to correlate our in vitro results.

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