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2013 Agenda and Abstracts | < Previous | Next > 2013 OMIG Abstract 8 Detection of Anti-Enterovirus Immunoglobulins in Tears
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Acute Background. Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) is a highly contagious enteroviral infection of the eye caused by enterovirus type 70 and coxsackievirus type A24 variant. The acute onset of symptoms includes foreign body sensation, tearing, lid edema, redness (erythema), and subconjunctival hemorrhage. The clinical course is transient (resolves in 5-10 days) without sequelae. Young children (< 5 yrs) are usually spared or have mild disease, while a higher incidence of paralytic disease has been reported post EV70 infection in males >20 years of age. AHC is endemic in many topical and subtropical countries and second infections as well as recurrent epidemics and pandemics have been reported over the past 40+ years. Purpose. To investigate the early-appearing AHC virus neutralizing activity that is detectable in tears prior to serum antibody response (Langford et al., J Infect Dis. 1979; 139:653-8; Curr Eye Res. 1985;4:233-9; Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 1995;3:249-60). Methods. Bilateral tear samples were collected in capillary tubes and on Schirmer tear test strips post onset AHC through 6 days. AHC virus was isolated from tear in human conjunctival cells. The presence of virus-specific immunoglobulins (Ig) G, A, M, and D were detected using western of Schirmer strips, indirect immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) analyses of tear adsorbed enterovirus infected cells, and neutralization assay. Results. Western analysis of electrophoresed tear samples showed that total protein and IgG were elevated in the first day post onset tears, tear IgA increased and IgM remained low and relatively constant. IFA of tear adsorbed enterovirus infected cells detected IgG, IgM, IgA and IgD specific immunoreactivity with enterovirus infected cells. Conclusions. The results suggest that the viral cytopathologies and inflammation associated with AHC virus infection of the conjunctival epithelium increased the permeability of the blood-conjunctival barrier to serum proteins, neutralizing activity and Igs. Notably, human Igs G, A, M and D in early tears reacted with AHC virus infected cells. Studies to identify the source and other properties of the putative early neutralizing Ig are needed. Disclosure: N 2013 Agenda and Abstracts | < Previous | Next >
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